نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
The State's diplomatic protection for its national against another State of nationality is the most challenging issue in international law which most recently highlighted by the announcement of the UK for diplomatic protection for Ms. Nazanin Zaghari who is an Iranian-British dual national. Although the non-responsibility of the State of nationality has been frequently taken into account in such situations in traditional international law, it is now possible to have diplomatic protection against another State of nationality by a State that a multiple nationality has its dominant and effective nationality. Regardless of Ms. Zaghari's dominant nationality, UK's practice in its national and international activities shows that it does not believe to do diplomatic protection against another State of nationality, except in cases where the latter consider him British. Therefore, the UK may be affected by its practice. The UK may resort to the International Court of Justice by reference to the optional protocol attached to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (1963) and alleging the violation of Article 36(1) of the Convention by Iran. However, Ms. Zaghari's release, which the UK is seeking, will not be a direct result of this resort.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
1. فارسی
10.نیاورانی، صابر و ذبیحی شهری، سیده ساناز. (1394)، «حمایت دیپلماتیک در قامت یک حق بشری: مطالعه رویۀ قضایی بین‌المللی و نقد طرح کمیسیون حقوق بین الملل (٢٠٠6)»، فصلنامه مطالعات بین المللی پلیس، سال 6، ش 22.
2. خارجی
11. Aghahosseini, Mohsen. (2007). "Claims of Dual Nationals and the Development of Customary International Law: Issues Before the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal", Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
12. Bauer, Jon. (2014), "Multiple Nationality and Refugees", Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 47, pp. 905-1005.
13. Deen-Racsmany, Zsuzsanna. (2002), "Diplomatic Protection and the LaGrand Case", Leiden Journal of International Law, Vol. 15, pp. 87-103.
14. Denza, Eileen. (2018), "Nationality and Diplomatic Protection", Netherlands International Law Review, Vol. 65, pp. 463-480.
15. Donner, Ruth. (2006), "Dual Nationality in International Law", Acta Juridica Hungarica, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 15-25.
16. Kannof, Abraham U. (2011), "Dueling Nationalities: Dual Citizenship, Dominant and Effective Nationality, and the Case of Anwar Al-Aulaqi", Emory International Law Review, Vol. 25, pp. 1373-1430.
17. Milanovic, Marko. (2019), "UK’s Position on the Diplomatic Protection of Dual Nationals", www.ejiltalk.org.
18. Peake, Jessica. (2007), "Diplomatic Protection for Dual Nationals: Effective Nationality or Non-Responsibility?", Trinity College Law Review, Vol. 10, pp. 98-119.
19. Shearer, Ivan and Opeskin, Brian. (2012), "Nationality and Statelessness, in Foundations of International Migration Law", edited by Brian Opeskin and Richard Perruchoud and Jillyanne Redpath-Cross, Cambridge University Press, pp. 93-122.
20. Sloane, Robert D. (2009), "Breaking the Genuine Link: The Contemporary International Legal Regulation of Nationality", Harvard International Law Journal, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 1-60.
21. Spiro, Peter J. (2011), "A New International Law of Citizenship", American Journal of International Law, Vol. 105, No. 4, pp. 694-746.
22. Spiro, Peter J. (2010), "Dual Citizenship as Human Right", International Journal of Constitutional Law (I•CON), Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 111-130.
23. Trevisanut, Seline. (2011), "Nationality Cases before International Courts and Tribunals", Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, pp. 1-9.
24. Worster, William Thomas. (2009), "International Law and the Expulsion of Individuals with More than One Nationality", Journal of International Law & Foreign Affairs, Vol. 14, pp. 423-502.
)