قواعد آمرۀ حقوق بین‌الملل؛ تکامل یا تحول در منابع حقوق بین‌الملل (با بررسی تطبیقی نظام‌های حقوقی ملی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

جامعۀ بین‌المللی با اقتباس از نظام‌های حقوقی ملی، برخی اصول و قواعد امری را در حقوق بین‌الملل مطرح ساخته است. در این رویکرد، بعضی هنجارها به‌عنوان ضامن ارزش‌ها، نظم عمومی و منافع حیاتی جامعه فراروی دولت‌ها قرار گرفتند که به حقوق الزامی یا قواعد آمرۀ حقوق بین‌الملل موسوم شدند. این قواعد برای پدیدار شدن فرایندی مختص به خود دارد که به‌نظر می‌رسد راهی جدا از منابع صوری کلاسیک حقوق بین‌الملل، یعنی موارد مندرج در مادۀ 38 اساسنامۀ دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری است. از سوی دیگر، ابهام و اجمال مفهومی قواعد آمره، تحقق مقصود آن‌ها را با مشکل روبه‌رو ساخته است و همین موضوع، ضرورت تبیین و پرداختن به آن‌ها را آشکار می‌سازد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Peremptory Norms in International Law; Development or Revolution of Sources of International Law (A Comparative Analysis of National Legal Systems)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sayyed Fazlollah Mosavi 1
  • Hossein Khalaf Rezaee 2
1 Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Ph.D. in International Law, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Contemporary international law introduces a notion of peremptory norms comparable to hierarchy of norms in national legal system. A jus cogens is a norm of international law considered so fundamental that it overrides all other sources of international law. A rule of jus cogens has a specific process of emergence that will be essentially different from other sources of international law which reflected in Article 38(1) of ICJ Statute. Unfortunately, there is not a precise definition of jus cogens norms. The vagueness of the definition and thereby its instances is one problematic issue that harden realization of ideals of the international community.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Jus cogens
  • Sources of International Law
  • International Community
  • International Crimes
  • Erga Omnes Obligations

مراجع

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مطالعات حقوق تطبیقی
دوره 6، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
بهار و تابستان
فروردین 1394
صفحه 369-391

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