مطالعات حقوق تطبیقی

مطالعات حقوق تطبیقی

حمایت کیفری از حریم خصوصی در حقوق ایران و فرانسه: بررسی تطبیقی و ارائۀ راهکارها

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
حریم خصوصی به‌عنوان یکی از حقوق بنیادین بشر در عصر حاضر و با پیشرفت‌های فناوری اطلاعات، بیش از پیش در معرض تهدید قرار گرفته است. گسترش جمع‌آوری، پردازش و انتشار داده‌های شخصی موجب نگرانی‌های جدی دربارۀ نقض حریم خصوصی شده و مداخلات دولتی به‌منظور حفظ نظم عمومی و سوءاستفاده‌های فردی از فناوری، ضرورت حمایت کیفری از آن را افزایش داده است. نگارندگانِ پژوهش حاضر با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و رویکرد تطبیقی، کارآمدی حمایت کیفری از حریم خصوصی را در دو نظام حقوقی ایران و فرانسه بررسی می‌کنند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد نظام حقوقی فرانسه به دلیل انسجام قانونی، تعریف دقیق و سازگاری با استانداردهای بین‌المللی، نظیر مقررات عمومی حفاظت از داده‌ها (GDPR)، از سازوکارهای مؤثرتر و مشخص‌تری برخوردار است. در مقابل، نظام حقوقی ایران به علت فقدان تعریف جامع و روشن، پراکندگی قوانین، ضعف ضمانت‌های ‌اجرا و عدم انطباق قوانین موجود با تحولات فناوری، در عمل با چالش‌های تقنینی و اجرایی جدی روبه‌رو است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Criminal Protection of Privacy in Iranian and French Law: Comparative Analysis and Proposed Solutions

نویسندگان English

Razieh Saberi 1
Sayyad Bigham 2
1 Criminal Law and Criminology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.A. Graduate in Criminal Law and Criminology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Privacy, as a fundamental human right, has become increasingly vulnerable in the contemporary era due to rapid advancements in information technology. The widespread collection, processing, and dissemination of personal data has raised serious concerns regarding privacy violations. State interventions aimed at maintaining public order, as well as individual misuse of technological tools, highlight the necessity of robust criminal protection. Using a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative approach, this study examines the effectiveness of criminal protection of privacy within the legal systems of Iran and France. The findings indicate that the French legal system, due to its coherent legislative framework, precise definition, and alignment with international standards such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), possesses more effective mechanisms and clearer safeguards. In contrast, the Iranian legal system faces significant legislative and enforcement challenges due to the lack of a comprehensive and clear definition, dispersed regulations, inadequate legal safeguards, and the absence of adaptability to technological developments.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Criminal Protection
Cyberspace
French Law
Iranian Law
Privacy.
A) Books
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B) Articles
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C) Cases
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D) Other References
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