دادگاه‌های تجاری بین‌المللی؛ روش تلفیقی در نظام حل اختلافات تجاری

مقالات آماده انتشار

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در دهه‌های اخیر، جهان شاهد گسترش تجارت فرامرزی و افزایش معاملات بین‌المللی بوده است. با گسترش تجارت بین‌المللی، نیاز به سازوکارهای حل اختلاف کارآمد و مؤثر در کسب‌وکارهای جهانی رو به ‌افزایش است. ظهور دادگاه‌های تجاری بین‌المللی به‌عنوان یک راهکار نوین در حل اختلافات تجاری بین‌المللی اهمیت ویژه پیدا کرده است. این دادگاه‌ها نهادهای مستقل و بی‌طرف‌اند که برای رسیدگی به اختلافات پیچیدۀ تجارت بین‌المللی طرح شده و از نگاه ساختاری و عملکردی، منحصربه‌فرد هستند. در حقیقت، این نهاد تلفیقی از داوری تجاری و رسیدگی قضایی است. دادگاه‌های تجاری بین‌المللی علی‎رغم تفاوت‌ها در کشورهای مختلف، دارای ویژگی‌های مشترک چون قواعد شکلی انعطاف‌پذیر، برگزاری مراحل رسیدگی به چندین زبان و استخدام قضات و مشاوران حقوقی خارجی هستند. ازآنجا ‌که تأسیس این دادگاه‌ها اغلب به تصمیم دولت‌ها و ابزارهای قانونی مرتبط با آنها بستگی داشته است، به‌تدریج جایگاه بسیار مهمی در حل اختلافات تجاری بین‌المللی به‌دست آورده‌اند. یافته‌های این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که این نهاد حقوقی به‌عنوان مکان‌های جهانی برای حل‌وفصل اختلافات تجاری بین‌المللی عمل می‌کند و از تجربیات و دانش قضات مختلف بهره می‌برد. ویژگی منحصربه‌فرد این دادگاه‌ها، اهمیت ویژه در تضمین عدالت در مسائل تجاری بین‌المللی است. در این پژوهش با روش تحلیلی‌- توصیفی با مطالعۀ منابع مرتبط، نگاهی به تأسیس، توسعه و تأثیرات این دادگاه‌ها در حل اختلافات تجاری بین‌المللی می‌اندازیم. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

International commercial courts; hybrid method in the commercial ‎dispute resolution system

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mir Ahmad Parsa Manush 1
  • Morteza Shahbazinia 2
1 Department of Private law, Faculty of Law, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Private law, Faculty of Law, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In recent decades, the world has seen the expansion of cross-border trade and the proliferation of international transactions. With the expansion of international trade, the need for efficient and effective dispute resolution methods in global business is on the rise. The emergence of international commercial courts as a new solution to resolve international commercial disputes has gained special significance. These courts are independent and impartial, have been designed to address intricate international trade disputes, and are unique both structurally and functionally. In fact, this entity is a hybrid of commercial arbitration and adjudication. Despite differences in various countries, international commercial courts share similar features, such as a set of flexible procedural rules, multilingual court proceedings, and the recruitment of foreign judges and legal experts. Since the establishment of these courts often depends on the decisions of governments and their related legal instruments, they have gradually gained a very important position in international commercial disputes. The findings of this research indicate that these legal entities serve as global forums for the resolution of international commercial disputes, drawing upon the experiences and knowledge of diverse judges. The unique characteristics of these courts make them particularly important in ensuring justice in international commercial matters. This research delves into the establishment, development, and impact of international commercial courts on international commercial dispute resolution, employing an analytical-descriptive methodology and meticulously examining relevant sources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dispute Resolution
  • ‎Commercial Courts
  • ‎Arbitration
  • Adjudication.‎

مراجع

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انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 01 تیر 1404

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