نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشآموخته حقوق جزا و جرمشناسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه حقوق جزا و جرمشناسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه حقوق جزا و جرمشناسی، دانشکدۀ حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
4 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، گروه حقوق جزا و جرمشناسی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه علوم قضایی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The principle of the Independence of Judges, as one of the fundamental pillars of a fair trial and a central element in the protection of human rights, possesses not only vital legal significance but also practical importance as a safeguard of democracy, social justice, and good and effective governance. At the international and regional levels, various human rights institutions—particularly the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice—have played a prominent and decisive role in promoting the Independence of Judges, guaranteeing its protection within national judicial systems, and shaping international norms and frameworks related to fair trial guarantees through their judicial practice. This article seeks to examine and analyze the standards for assessing the Independence of Judges in national courts and to evaluate the impact of these two courts in reinforcing this principle internationally. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and drawing upon library and documentary sources, the study finds that both courts emphasize the fundamental role of the Independence of Judges in achieving judicial justice and have established concrete criteria for its assessment, including procedures for judicial selection and appointment, security of tenure, safeguards against external or political pressure, and mechanisms governing the discipline and removal of judges.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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