A comparative study of the contract attribution theory and ‎its effects in modern French law and Iranian law

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, The University of Tehran, Tehran, ‎Iran

Abstract

Proposing and proving the theory of representation in Iranian and French law is only for the purpose of proving the possibility of concluding a contract by another means. After that, topics such as assigning the main and secondary works of the contract or, in other words, attaching the rights and provisions of the contract to the overt and hidden actors of the contracts (representative and proxy) and the possibility of third parties referring to them, were debated by Iranian and French jurists in a way that in There are numerous examples of similar transactions in Iranian law and in French law, contracts such as a transaction with a borrowed name or a hidden contract that results from the implementation of incomplete representation, the subject of Article 1154 of the New French Civil Code; There is a lot of disagreement and the agency theory does not answer all the issues raised in different examples of exchange contracts. Designing the theory of "assignment of contract" in order to establish the attribution of the main effect of the contract and to create a direct relationship between the main actors of the contract and to assign the secondary effects of the contract to both the overt and hidden actors of the contract in order to create the right of third party to implement the secondary effects of the contract to both the overt and Concealed contract is considered a new theory with high efficiency and was approved by the French legislator in Article 1201 of the Civil Code of 2016, and as a result, it is in line with the French law of new obligations and organizes and creates a single procedure in referring third parties to the explicit and implicit parties of the contract in various cases. Transactions will be mentioned and this theory does not have the objections raised in the traditional debates raised in Iranian jurisprudence and law, such as transferring the original work to the obvious actor and then transferring it to the hidden actor.

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Main Subjects

References

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Comparative Law Review
Volume 14, Issue 1
Spring & Summer 2023
July 2023
Pages 433-457

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