One of the basic principles in the field of property rights is publicity. The publicity principle implies the awareness of third parties of real rights and justifies the absolute effect (erga omens’) of these rights against them, which has been neglected in the Iranian legal system. In this article, questions about the concept, foundations, function and finally its tools in the field of collateralization of assets and the need to transfer of possession of mortgaged property in the Iranian legal system have been answered,with of descriptive-analytical method and desk research study of Western legal systems. In the end, it was concluded that the publicity principle is an essential component of the collateralization of assets system; the basis of awareness and creating transparency and, consequently, preventing the appearance of false wealth justifies it. It also has several functions such as increasing access to secured credit, preventing fraud and manipulation of transaction time, reducing transaction costs, and so on. Transfer of possession of collateral is not a matter, but is tool of publicity that it is also ineffective in provide the foundations. This is also true in the Iranian legal system and about the need to transfer of possession in the mortgage contract. Registration of security rights is a good tool for publicity and it should be possible to replace transfer of possession. Therefore, a distinction should be made between collateral with publicity and without it and Attention Of transfer of possession must be set aside.
امامی، سید حسن (1388). حقوق مدنی، ج 1، چ 29، تهران: انتشارات اسلامیه.
عدل، مصطفی (1385). حقوق مدنی، به کوشش محمدرضا بندرچی، چ 2، قزوین: انتشارات طه.
پیلوار، رحیم و صفری، حاتمه (1398). «قلمرو آزادی اراده در ایجاد حقوق عینی جدید از منظر حقوق اموال و مالکیت و ثبت»، فصلنامۀ حقوق اسلامی، دورۀ 16، ش 63.
حبیبا، سعید و شعبانی کندسری، هادی (1395). «بازپژوهی نقش قبض در وضعیت عقد رهن؛ مطالعه تطبیقی در حقوق اسلام،ایران و فرانسه»،آموزههای فقه مدنی، دورۀ 8، ش 14.
صفایی، سید حسین و جواهرکلام، محمدهادی (1400). حقوق مدنی پیشرفته، تضمینهای دین، ج 1، چ 2، تهران: شرکت سهامی انتشار.
طجرلو، رضا و شعبانی کندسری، هادی (1393). «وثیقۀ شناور در نظام حقوقی کامنلا»، نشریۀ مطالعات حقوق تطبیقی، دورۀ 5، ش 1.
قنواتی،جلیل و شیرخانی، پوریا (1396). «بررسی مفهوم توقیفی بودن حقوق عینی: مطالعۀ تطبیقی حقوق فرانسه، آلمان، اسپانیا و حقوق اسلامی»، فصلنامۀ پژوهش تطبیقی حقوق اسلام و غرب، دورۀ چهارم، ش 3.
کاتوزیان، ناصر (1385). عقود معین(عقود اذنی و وثیقه های دین)، ج 4، چ 5، تهران: شرکت سهامی انتشار.
کاتوزیان، ناصر (1386). دورۀ مقدمانی حقوق مدنی، اموال و مالکیت، چ 18، تهران: بنیاد حقوقی میزان.
کبیری شاهآباد، حمید و عیسائی تفرشی، محمد (1398). «نقش وثیقه در مقابله با پدیدۀ اطلاعات نامتقارن در بازار وام بانکی و لازمۀ ایفای مؤثر این نقش در وثائق منقول»، فصلنامۀ پژوهش حقوق خصوصی، دورۀ 8، ش 28.
ب) عربی
اردبیلى، احمدبن محمد (1403 ق). مجمع الفائدة و البرهان فی شرح إرشاد الأذهان، ج 9، چ 1، قم: دفتر انتشارات اسلامى وابسته به جامعۀ مدرسین حوزۀ علمیۀ قم.
بحرانى، یوسفبن احمدبن ابراهیم (1405 ق). الحدائق الناضرة فی أحکام العترة الطاهرة، ج 20، چ 1، قم: دفتر انتشارات اسلامى وابسته به جامعۀ مدرسین حوزۀ علمیۀ قم.
بهبهانى، محمدباقربن محمد اکمل (1417 ق). حاشیة مجمع الفائدة و البرهان، چ 1، قم: مؤسسة العلامة المجدد الوحید البهبهانی.
حائرى، سید علىبن محمد طباطبایى (1418 ق). ریاض المسائل (ط- الحدیثة)، ج 10، چ 1، قم: مؤسسۀ آل البیت علیهم السلام.
حلّى، حسنبن یوسفبن مطهر اسدى (1413 ق). مختلف الشیعة فی أحکام الشریعة، ج 5، چ 2، قم: دفتر انتشارات اسلامى وابسته به جامعۀ مدرسین حوزۀ علمیۀ قم.
موسوی بجنوردی، سید محمد (1378). «دورالقبض فی عقد الرهن»، فصلنامۀ متین، ش 5.
همدانى، آقا رضابن محمد هادى (1416 ق). مصباح الفقیه، ج 14، چ 1، قم: مؤسسة الجعفریة لإحیاء التراث و مؤسسة النشر الإسلامی.
ج) انگلیسی
A. Morell and F. Helsen (2014).”The Interrelation of Transparency and Availability of Collateral: German and Belgian Laws of Non-possessory Security Interests“, European Review of Private Law, vol. 3.
Akkermans, Bram, (2008). the principle of numerus clausus in European property law, 1st edition,Oxford :intersentia.
Alejandro Alvarez de la Campa (2011).” Increasing Access to Credit through Reforming Secured Transactions in the MENA Region“, Policy Research Working Paper 5613, The World Bank.
Baird D.G. & T.J. Jackson. (1984). “Information, Uncertainty, and the Transfer of Property“,The Journal of Legal Studies 13, no. 2,299-342.
Baird, D.G. (1983).”Notice Filing and the Problem of Ostensible Ownership“,The Journal of Legal Studies 12, no. 1.
Benjamin, J. (2001). Interests in Securities, A Priority Law Analysis of the International Securities Markets,1st edition ,Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Berlee, A. (2018). Access to personal data in public land registers: Balancing publicity of property rights with the rights to privacy and data protection,1st edition,The Netherlands: Eleven International publishing.
Castellano, G. G. (2015). ”Reforming Non-Possessory Secured Transactions Laws: A New Strategy?“,The Modern Law Review, 78,611–640.
Comment A to IX.-1:202 (DCFR).
Dalhuisen, J.H. (2019). on Transnational and Comparative, Commercial, Financial and Trade Law, vol. II., 5th ed. Portland: Hart Publishing.
Dirix, E. (2004).‘Effect of Security Rights vis-á-vis Third Person’. In Divergence of Property Law, an Obstacle to the Internal Market?, 1st edition,Munich/Germany:Sellier European Law Publishers.
Drobnig, U. (2011). Security Right in Movables. In Towards a European Civil Code, Kluwer Law International.
Giuliano G. Castellano (2015). ”performing non-possessory secured transactions law: a new strategy?“, the modern law review, 78, 611-640.
Goode, R, (2004). The Cape Town Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment. In Towards a European CivilCode,3rd edition, Kluwer Law International.
Gretton, G.L. (2012).” Symposium – Reform of Security over Moveable Property; The Discussion Paper in Outline“, Edinburgh Law Review 16, 261-267.
Hamwijk, D.J.Y. (2012). ”The puzzling concepts of publicity and possession: to the heart of property law , European Property Law Journal, vol. 1, no. 2.
Kieninger, E.-M (ed.).(2004).Security rights in movable property in European private law ,The Common Core of European Private Law, vol. 4. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lipson, J.C. (2004). ”Secrets and Liens: The End of Notice in Commercial Finance Law“. Emory Bankruptcy Developments Journal 21, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=605741
Livingston, M. (2007).” A Rose by Any Other Name Would Smell as Sweet (or Would it?): Filing and Searching in Article 9’s Public Records“, Brigham Young University Law Review 2007, 111- 166.
Merrill, T.W. & H.E. Smith. (2017). Property: principles and policies,1st edition, New York: Foundation Press.
Mooney Jr., C.W. (1988).” The Mystery And Myth of “Ostensible Ownership” and Article 9 Filing: A Critique Of Proposals to Extend Filing Requirements For Leases«,Alabama Law Review 39, 683-789.
Philip ,R Wood (2005). comparative law of security interests and title finance,2nd edition, London:Sweet & Maxwell.
Picker, R.C. (2009). Security Interests in Personal Property – Cases, Problems, and Materials,New York: Foundation Press.
R. Cooter & T. Ulen (2004). Law and Economics,4th ed., London:Pearson Education.
Ronald H. Coase (1960).” The Problem of Social Cost“, The Journal of Law & Economics,vol. 3.
Ronald H. Coase (2013). ”The Federal Communications Commission“ ,The Journal of Law and Economics, vol. 56,879 – 915.
Sagaert, V. (2009). Consensual versus Delivery Systems in European Private Law –Consensus about Tradition, In Rules for the Transfer of Movables, A Candidate for European Harmonisation or National Reforms?Berlin:Sellier de Gruyter.
Sigman, H.C. (2012). ”Perfection and Priority of Security Rights’. In The Future of Secured Credit in Europe“,European Company and Financial Law Review, special vol. 2,.
Simkovic, M. (2009). ”Secret Liens and the Financial Crisis“, The American Bankruptcy Law Journal; Ft. Wayne vol. 83, Iss. 2 ,253-295.
Simpson, J. & J. Menze (2000).” Ten Years of Secured Transactions Reform“,Law inTransition 20.
Spanogle, J.A. (2009). ”Secured Transactions Law in Eastern Europe: The Polish Experience as an Example“,Thomas Jefferson Law Review, 31, no. 2.
van Erp, Sjef & Akkermans, Bram (2012). Ius Commune Casebooks for the common law of Europe. Text, cases and materials on property law, 1st edition, Oxford: Hart Publishing.
van Erp, Sjef &Akkermans, Bram, (2010). Property rights: a comparative view, Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, Seconds Edition, UK:Edward Elgar Cheltenham.
van Erp, Sjef (2009).” From ‘Classical’ to Modern European Property Law’؛“ In Essays in Honour of Konstantinos D. Kerameus/Festschrift für Konstantinos D. Kerameus, vol. I. Athens/Brussels: A. Sakkoulas/Bruylant.
van Erp, Sjef (2009). ”Security interests: A Secure Start for the Development of European Property Law“, Maastricht Faculty of Law Working Paper No. 5, Vienna/Berlin: Lit Verlag, 3-39.
Vliet, Van L.P.W. (2000). Transfer of movables in German, French, English and Dutch law,diss.Maastricht,. Nijmegen: Ars Aequi Libri.
Wittman, D. (2006). Economic Foundations Of Law And Organization, Cambridge, 1st edition,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Kabiri Shahabad, H. (2022). Review and analysis of the publicity principle in the collateralization of assets (concept, foundations, function and tool). Comparative Law Review, 13(2), 797-817. doi: 10.22059/jcl.2022.342691.634353
MLA
Hamid Kabiri Shahabad. "Review and analysis of the publicity principle in the collateralization of assets (concept, foundations, function and tool)", Comparative Law Review, 13, 2, 2022, 797-817. doi: 10.22059/jcl.2022.342691.634353
HARVARD
Kabiri Shahabad, H. (2022). 'Review and analysis of the publicity principle in the collateralization of assets (concept, foundations, function and tool)', Comparative Law Review, 13(2), pp. 797-817. doi: 10.22059/jcl.2022.342691.634353
VANCOUVER
Kabiri Shahabad, H. Review and analysis of the publicity principle in the collateralization of assets (concept, foundations, function and tool). Comparative Law Review, 2022; 13(2): 797-817. doi: 10.22059/jcl.2022.342691.634353