A comparative survey on the benevolent intervention in Iran and European Law

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Most of obligations are notably derived from the contracts and torts. Quasi- contracts in their turn are another limited source to create rights and duties. Article 1371 of French civil code defines the quasi-contracts as the solely intentional human acts which produce obligations to another person or reciprocally. Benevolent intervention is one of the quasi-contracts of which British law is not ignorant. There are many authorities and regulations that govern this legal institution. In the European unity field, there is a preliminary plan for the European uniform civil code called: "Draft Common Frame of Reference". Basically no one has any authority to interfere in someone else’s affairs and assets unless he or she has any kind of agency, administration or tutorship. Any other sort of intervention is a kind of usurpation. In some necessitous situations like absence or immaturity of the owner or the master of the affairs, where there is no power to get the owner’s permission and when the peril of loss or damage of the concerned person’s property or health is felt, the intervention benevolently is required and admitted and even admirable. The controversial aspect in this context is the legal basis for this benevolent intervention. Most of the legal systems have chosen the agency theory and justified the effects thereof. One of the consequences that stems from this theory is the capacity of the intervener and his demand for costs incurred. The agency theory is inconsistent with the accepted axioms in Iranian civil law.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Comparative Law Review
Volume 7, Issue 1
Spring & Summer
April 2016
Pages 97-122

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